Fig. 6. Ang II and PI3-K inhibitors induce podocyte apoptosis. Ang II treatment increases LC3 puncta at 12 hours; thereafter, LC3 puncta levels dropped to near-basal levels at 24 hours. The PI3-K inhibitors 3-MA (2 mM) and LY294002 (5 μM), reduce LC3 puncta levels induced by Ang II (A). The bar chart of the values of LC3 puncta-positive cells (B). Ang II induces podocyte apoptosis in a time-dependent manner as determined using FACS assay. Both 3-MA and LY294002 further increase podocyte apoptosis with an additive effect over that of Ang II alone at 12 and 24 hours compared with the control group (C), and representative percentages of apoptotic cells (D). Data are expressed as mean ± SD (n = 3). ^*P<0.05 and ^**P<0.01 versus control (without Ang II at each incubation times). ^＃P<0.05 and ^＃＃P<0.01 versus positive control (with Ang II at each incubation times). Magnification, ×200; Bar = 10 μm.